Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42557740›Full record

ReviewImmunological reviews2026

Citrullination and Deamidation in Type 1 Diabetes: Linking Beta Cell Stress to Neoantigen-Driven Autoimmunity.

Aïsha Callebaut, Ylke Bruggeman, Chantal Mathieu, Eddie A James, Lut Overbergh

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Immunological reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Aïsha CallebautCenter for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6246-0088
Ylke BruggemanLaboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Chantal MathieuLaboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-5233
Eddie A JamesCenter for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7217-5729
Lut OverberghLaboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7126-356X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Citrullination and deamidation are post-translational modifications (PTMs) increasingly recognized as important contributors to neoepitope formation in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Under inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress conditions, beta cells activate calcium-dependent peptidylarginine deiminase and transglutaminase enzymes, leading to self-protein modification, altered peptide charge and HLA-binding properties, thereby generating neoepitopes that can be recognized by autoreactive CD4

Indexed as

AutoantigensAutoimmunityCitrullinationDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Insulin-Secreting CellsAnimalsCitrullineEndoplasmic Reticulum StressHumansProtein-Arginine DeiminasesProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalAutoantigensCitrullineProtein-Arginine Deiminasesautoreactivitycitrullinationdeamidationneoantigenpost‐translational modificationtype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42557740
PMCPMC13443407

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.