Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42557662›Full record

ArticleCPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology2026

Context Engineering for AI-Assisted Pharmacometrics: A Practical Tutorial.

Ari Pritchard-Bell, Chih-Wei Lin, William Holmes, Sameer Doshi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ari Pritchard-BellAmgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-7610
Chih-Wei LinAmgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3126-3981
William HolmesAmgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-4647
Sameer DoshiAmgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3843-8097

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Large language models can execute pharmacometric workflows, but they make consequential domain-specific errors when task instructions lack adequate details. This tutorial teaches pharmacometricians how to define self-contained tasks that embed domain-specific rules, verification criteria, and worked examples into each step of a pharmacometric workflow. These individual tasks are then organized into a structured task library where each task runs in a fresh LLM instance (with clean context), with information passed between tasks through shared workspace files. The tutorial covers context engineering, controlling what information reaches the LLM at each decision point, along with verification layers and methods to iteratively refine the task library. We demonstrate the approach on a synthetic population PK/PD scenario and provide the task library and implementation guide in the Supplementary Material.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceAlgorithmsHumansLarge Language Modelsalgorithmsmethodologymodel evaluationmodel‐informed drug developmentpharmacometricspopulation pharmacokineticssimulationsoftware

Identifiers

PMID42557662
PMCPMC13442926

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.