ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2026
Paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea and early cardiovascular risk phenotypes: an evidence review.
Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Adult obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is an established cardiovascular risk factor, but paediatric OSA has been framed mainly around neurocognition and growth. We reviewed PubMed, Ovid-Embase and Web of Science (2000-2026), prioritising eligible paediatric studies with quantifiable outcomes (ambulatory/office blood pressure (BP), autonomic indices/heart-rate variability, endothelial function/arterial stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and echocardiographic structure/function) and key interventional data. Across cohorts, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) most consistently demonstrates higher nocturnal BP and reduced dipping; emerging exposure metrics such as hypoxic burden (the integrated depth and duration of oxygen desaturation across sleep) may capture physiological stress better than the apnoea-hypopnoea index alone. Autonomic imbalance, including sympathetic predominance, altered sleep-stage autonomic modulation and reduced baroreflex gain, provides a plausible bridge between respiratory events and early vascular/cardiac remodelling, and often improves after adenotonsillectomy. Vascular data suggest early functional abnormalities (endothelial reactivity, wave reflection/central haemodynamics) with smaller and inconsistent differences in structural markers, such as cIMT, strongly modified by obesity and development. Cardiac studies most reproducibly show increased left-ventricular mass/geometry and impaired diastolic relaxation, while right-heart and pulmonary vascular signals appear most relevant in selected higher-risk groups. Treatment effects appear more readily detectable in autonomic/endothelial measures than in office BP over short follow-up, reinforcing ABPM as a preferred research and selected high-risk clinical end-point. Paediatric OSA should therefore be approached through an early-risk framework, including identifying higher-risk phenotypes, quantifying nocturnal haemodynamic burden when feasible and integrating OSA therapy with weight and guideline-directed BP management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.