ReviewNigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association
Effect of Musical Therapy on Hemodynamic Parameters and Inflammatory Markers in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Varicose Veins Under Spinal Anaesthesia.
Review in Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Surgical procedures are frequently accompanied by anxiety, hemodynamic instability, and inflammatory responses, which may delay recovery. Music therapy is a safe, cost-effective, non-pharmacological intervention that has been shown to reduce perioperative stress and improve patient well-being. This study assessed its effects on hemodynamic parameters, inflammatory markers, anxiety, and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing varicose vein surgery under spinal anaesthesia. Methodology: Sixty-four patients (16-65 years, ASA I-II) scheduled for elective varicose vein surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomised into two groups: control (C) and music therapy (M). Group M listened to self-selected music one hour before and during surgery, while Group C received standard care. Primary outcomes were changes in hemodynamic variables and inflammatory markers; secondary outcomes included perioperative anxiety and postoperative satisfaction. Results: Group M demonstrated significantly lower heart rate, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure compared with Group C (p < 0.05). Postoperative inflammatory markers were also reduced in Group M (CRP 2.75 ± 1.07 vs. 4.22 ± 1.79 mg/L; ESR 9.81 ± 3.06 vs. 13.69 ± 2.88 mm/hr; IL-6 1.56 ± 1.38 vs. 3.13 ± 3.21 pg/mL; all p < 0.01). Anxiety scores declined in Group M (39.16 ± 4.18) but increased in Group C (62.97 ± 7.77; p < 0.001). Patient satisfaction was markedly higher in the music group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Music therapy enhanced hemodynamic stability, reduced anxiety and inflammatory markers, and improved patient satisfaction in patients undergoing varicose vein surgery under spinal anaesthesia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42553848PMC13436996What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.