Concussion is associated with multiple sclerosis if it occurs before infectious mononucleosis.

Scott Montgomery, Daniel Smith, Lars Alfredsson, Fredrik Piehl, Tomas Olsson, Ayako Hiyoshi

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Brain communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Scott MontgomeryClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro 703 62, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-5494

Daniel SmithClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro 703 62, Sweden.

Lars AlfredssonInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.

Fredrik PiehlDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.

Tomas OlssonDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.

Ayako HiyoshiClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro 703 62, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2088-0530

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

If Epstein-Barr virus is essential for multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis, there may be differences in MS risk for auxiliary exposures that occur before or after Epstein-Barr virus infection. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) during adolescence typically represents the primary Epstein-Barr virus infection, so can be used as a proxy marker, while concussion in adolescence is considered a separate non-essential risk factor for MS. The objective here was to examine if concussion before or after IM during adolescence is differently associated with MS risk. Using national Swedish health registers, among those born from 1980 with follow-up to 2023, we identified a cohort with IM between ages 11 and 20 years among people without a demyelinating disease diagnosis by age 20 years (

Indexed as

Epstein–Barr virusinfectious mononucleosismultiple sclerosistraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID42553698

DOI10.1093/braincomms/fcag234

PMCPMC13435611

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.