ArticleEmergency medicine Australasia : EMA2026
An Extraordinary Wet Season and a Surge of Melioidosis: A Retrospective Case Series From a Tropical Emergency Department.
Article in Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTownsville, North Queensland, experienced record rainfall in the 2024-2025 wet season with an associated surge in the number of patients with melioidosis. A large proportion presented to the Townsville University Hospital (TUH) emergency department (ED), presenting an opportunity to assess the surge from an ED perspective.
methodsThis was a retrospective case series of all patients with melioidosis that presented to TUH ED between 1 November 2024 and 30 April 2025. Cases for the entire region were sourced from the Statewide Reference Laboratory, and then individually assessed to ascertain whether they first presented to the TUH-ED.
resultsThere were 57 patients with confirmed melioidosis that presented to the TUH ED in the 2024-2025 wet season, 40 males and 17 females. Risk factors for melioidosis were present in 51 (88%), with diabetes being the most common (47%). ED blood cultures were taken in 54 patients and were positive in 36 (67%). All patients were admitted, with a median length of stay of 11 days; 12 (21%) patients had an intensive care admission, and hospital mortality was eight (14%). Pulmonary involvement was evident in 79% and prostatic involvement in 30% of males. Meropenem was administered in ED to 53% overall, and 80% of those with severe illness.
conclusionsThe surge of patients with melioidosis demonstrated a wide spectrum of infection foci and severity of illness. In melioidosis endemic regions following significant rainfall, we recommend to culture widely, administer meropenem for severe infections and consider melioidosis as a cause for unusual presentations.
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