Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42552764›Full record

Observational studyCardiovascular therapeutics2026

Analysis of the Correlation Between Helper T-Lymphocyte Subsets and Atrial Fibrillation: An Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study.

Jiahui Li, Yafen Yang, Hongxuan Fan, Zhuolin Huang, Yalin Yuan, Rui Bai, Xin Wang, Bin Liang

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Cardiovascular therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jiahui LiDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8991-8590
Yafen YangDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.
Hongxuan FanDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, tsinghua.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1234-544X
Zhuolin HuangDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.
Yalin YuanDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2190-6681
Rui BaiDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.
Xin WangDepartment of Rheumatology Immunology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.
Bin LiangDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, sxmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-9765

Funding

Scientific Research Project of Shanxi Health Commission 2018060
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the predominant arrhythmia. Growing evidence indicates that immunological diseases may play a role in its development. This study combined observational and genetic analyses to investigate how T-lymphocyte subsets and immunomodulatory drug targets influenced AF risk. METHODS AND

resultsThis study retrospectively analyzed T lymphocyte subsets in 302 AF patients and 183 healthy controls. After balancing covariates via 1:1 propensity score matching, multivariate regression revealed AF patients had significantly higher absolute counts of Th1 and Th17 cells, and higher Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg ratios (p < 0.05). A subsequent two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, which assessed 731 immune traits and included drug-target MR, established causal relationships. It showed that increased counts of CD4

conclusionImmune dysfunction, especially T lymphocyte subsets, is a risk factor for the development of AF. The IL-6R signaling pathway may be a potential target for AF prevention, whereas the use of IL-18 inhibitors may increase the risk of AF.

Indexed as

Atrial FibrillationPolymorphism, Single NucleotideT-Lymphocytes, Helper-InducerAgedCase-Control StudiesFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansInterleukin-18MaleMendelian Randomization AnalysisMiddle AgedPhenotypeReceptors, Interleukin-6Retrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentInterleukin-18Receptors, Interleukin-6atrial fibrillationcase–control studyhelper T-lymphocyte subsetsimmune systemMendelian randomization

Identifiers

PMID42552764
PMCPMC13438868

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.