ArticleNursing open2026
Development and Validation of a Chinese Version of the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Instrument After Initial Invasive Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage: A Methodological Study.
Article in Nursing open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
AIMS AND
objectivesTo conduct the initial development and validation of a Chinese readiness for hospital discharge instrument for patients after initial invasive percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD).
backgroundThe Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) is a generic measure and may not fully capture PTBD-specific readiness, particularly catheter-related self-management (e.g., tube securement, bile output monitoring, skin care and early recognition of catheter-related complications) in Chinese-speaking populations. A PTBD-specific instrument may support more targeted discharge preparation and follow-up.
designA methodological study.
methodsThe instrument was developed using a five-stage process. An initial pool of 33 items was generated from the literature review and existing instruments. After two rounds of expert consultation, two items were deleted, six items were added and several items were revised or merged, resulting in a 35-item pool. Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were then conducted to reduce items and examine preliminary construct validity.
resultsA total of 224 patients completed the instrument and were included for further analysis. Item analysis led to the deletion of one item, resulting in a 34-item instrument. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that 22 items remained in four factors (personal status, knowledge, coping ability and expected support), which accounted for 77.84% of the variance. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the instrument was 0.962, and the split-half reliability was 0.912.
conclusionThe Chinese version of the readiness for hospital discharge instrument after invasive PTBD consists of 22 items across four subscales and provides preliminary evidence of content validity, preliminary construct validity, internal consistency and split-half reliability. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This instrument may help healthcare professionals assess discharge readiness before discharge among patients with PTBD catheters and identify areas requiring targeted discharge preparation, catheter-related education and follow-up support. Scholars in Chinese-speaking regions may find this culturally compatible instrument useful when conducting studies related to readiness for hospital discharge. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Two hundred twenty-four participants provided their perspectives on readiness for hospital discharge.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.