Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42552365›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2026

In-depth characterisation of the tumour microenvironment reveals HHV-8-dependent immune regulation in HIV-associated and classic Kaposi sarcoma.

Claudia A M Fulgenzi, Alessia Dalla Pria, Yiran Zhao, Alberto Giovanni Leone, Justin Weir, Ignazio Puccio, Krista S Tuohinto, Päivi M Ojala, Mark Bower, David J Pinato

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Article in British journal of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Claudia A M Fulgenzi *Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Alessia Dalla Pria *National Centre for HIV Oncology, Chelsea Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
Yiran ZhaoDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Alberto Giovanni LeoneFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Justin WeirDepartment of Histopathology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
Ignazio PuccioDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Krista S TuohintoTranslational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Päivi M OjalaTranslational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Mark BowerNational Centre for HIV Oncology, Chelsea Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
David J PinatoDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK. david.pinato@imperial.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-0103

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundKaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common malignancy occurring in people living with HIV (PLWH). The clinical course of KS in PLWH established on combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART) resembles that of classic KS.

objectivesTo compare the clinical and biological characteristics of HIV-associated KS in patients with well-controlled viral infection (N = 21) and non-HIV-associated KS (N = 19).

methodsClinical data were prospectively collected from patients treated at the National Centre for HIV malignancies at Chelsea & Westminster Hospital. Targeted transcriptomic analysis and multiplex immune-fluorescence were performed on archival tumour samples.

resultsClinical outcomes were comparable between groups. The tumour microenvironment (TME) of non-HIV-associated KS was characterised by transcriptional upregulation of pathways associated with adaptive and innate immunity and angiogenesis. The TME of HIV-associated cases was associated with lower infiltration of activated CD4 cells. In both cohorts, we found the expression of HHV-8 genes to positively correlate with activated CD4, CD8, NK and immune checkpoint gene expression.

conclusionsThe KS TME in the presence of well-controlled HIV infection is characterised by a lower degree of inflammation and more pronounced epithelial to mesenchymal transition. We also identified intra-tumoral HHV-8 gene expression as a driver of TME composition.

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PMID42552365

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