ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2026
Ocular Component Growth From the Cornea to the Sclera in Non-Human Primate Emmetropization.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: To quantify ocular parameters and their relationships during normal ocular development in rhesus monkeys. Methods: This retrospective analysis included rhesus monkeys with a normal visual experience and no experimental interventions (N = 210). Retinoscopy, biometry (Lenstar), optical coherence tomography (OCT; SPECTRALIS), and tonometry were performed in both eyes at age 24 ± 2 days. Twelve monkeys were followed longitudinally up to age 362 days. OCT scans were analyzed for retinal, choroidal, and scleral thickness. Data were analyzed using t-tests and linear mixed-effects models to assess sex and age effects. Associations between parameters were examined. Results: At baseline, there were no significant interocular differences in spherical equivalent refraction (P = 0.30) or axial length (P = 0.98). Females weighed less than males and exhibited thinner central corneas, greater corneal powers, shallower anterior chamber depths, thinner lenses, and shorter axial lengths (P < 0.05 for all). Longitudinal analyses showed that spherical equivalent refraction became less hyperopic with age, but axial length and retinal, choroidal, and scleral thickness increased in a non-linear manner. Choroidal and scleral thickness showed significant variability across monkeys with modest correlation coefficients. Conclusions: This study established normative in vivo trajectories of ocular parameters, including retinal, choroidal, and scleral thickness, during early development. Rhesus monkeys were initially hyperopic and underwent coordinated refractive and structural changes consistent with early emmetropization. Refraction, axial length, and retinal thickness followed expected patterns, but choroidal and scleral thickness exhibited substantial variability and only modest associations with age.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.