Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42549670›Full record

ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026

Oxidation-Induced Internal Chemical Patterning in Copper-Gold Nanoalloys.

Zhikang Zhou, Hanlei Zhang, Dongxiang Wu, Jianyu Wang, Xiaobo Chen, Chaoran Li, Shan Yan, Jing Li, Adrian Hunt, Iradwikanari Waluyo and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Zhikang ZhouMaterials Science and Engineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1312-1495
Hanlei ZhangMaterials Science and Engineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.
Dongxiang WuMaterials Science and Engineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.
Jianyu WangMaterials Science and Engineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.
Xiaobo ChenMaterials Science and Engineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-2926
Chaoran LiMaterials Science and Engineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.
Shan YanDepartment of Chemistry, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.
Jing LiDepartment of Chemistry, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.
Adrian HuntNational Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5283-9647
Iradwikanari WaluyoNational Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4046-9722
Chuanjian ZhongDepartment of Chemistry, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0746-250X
Guangwen ZhouMaterials Science and Engineering Program & Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9243-293X

Funding

Basic Energy SciencesDivision of Materials Sciences and Engineering DE-SC0001135National Science Foundation CHE 2102482U.S. Department of Energy
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chemical segregation governs the structural evolution and properties of nanoalloys and, under vacuum or reducing conditions, typically leads to core-shell structures that minimize surface free energy. Here, we show that surface oxidation fundamentally alters this behavior in Cu-Au nanoalloys by suppressing conventional surface segregation and driving twin-boundary (TB)-mediated chemical separation within the particle interior. Combining in situ electron microscopy, ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory, we reveal that oxidation redirects Au transport from the surface to internal TBs through uphill diffusion from Au-poor to Au-rich regions, producing alternating Au-rich and Cu-rich lamellae with local Au enrichment of up to ∼50 at.%. This behavior is driven by the negative Cu-Au mixing enthalpy, which favors heteroatomic bonding, while the CuO

Indexed as

alloychemical physicscopperdensity functional theorydiffusioninterface segregation principlematerials scienceparticlesurface energysurface oxidation

Identifiers

PMID42549670
PMCPMC13653352

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.