ArticleInternational journal of sports physical therapy2026
Contralateral Trunk Tilt in High School Baseball Pitchers: Comparison and Relationship with Trunk Rotational Mobility, Compensatory Lateral Flexion, and Performance.
Article in International journal of sports physical therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Excessive contralateral trunk tilt (CLT), the lateral flexion angle of the trunk during pitching, increases torque on the shoulder and elbow. Although core muscle strength is known to influence CLT, the relationship between limited trunk rotational mobility and throwing injuries is unclear. Purpose: To compare trunk rotational mobility and compensatory lateral flexion between pitchers with high and low CLT, and to examine the relationships between these factors, player characteristics, ball velocity, and elbow valgus torque. Study design: Cross-sectional comparison study. Methods: This study evaluated 19 male adolescent pitchers (aged 15-18 years) with ≥1 year of experience and no pain or surgical history. Participants were stratified into high (>30°) and low (≤30°) CLT groups based on two-dimensional analysis. Trunk rotational mobility was assessed using inclinometers in hand-to-knee and lumbar-locked positions. Compensatory contralateral trunk flexion during rotation was analyzed photographically in the hand to knee position. Primary outcomes compared were differences in trunk rotational mobility and compensatory trunk flexion between groups; secondary outcomes were correlations between primary outcomes and ball velocity and elbow valgus torque. Results: No significant differences were observed between the high (n = 9) and low (n = 10) CLT groups in trunk rotational mobility in the LLP position on the dominant (62.8° ± 11.5° vs 64.5° ± 11.2°, p = 0.745) and non-dominant (58.3° ± 9.0° vs 60.0° ± 8.5°, p = 0.684) sides, nor in compensatory contralateral trunk flexion during rotation on the dominant (17.1° ± 7.6° vs 18.0° ± 2.5°, p = 0.705) and non-dominant (18.2° ± 7.6° vs 20.1° ± 6.5°, p = 0.576) sides. CLT at MER moderately correlated positively with ball velocity (r = 0.47, p = 0.004), which correlated strongly with elbow valgus torque (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Excessive CLT at MER in adolescent pitchers is not associated with limited trunk rotation or compensatory lateral trunk flexion. Level of Evidence: 3.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.