ReviewAdvances in urology2026
Optimizing Intermittent Catheterization Following Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review Using the WHO Health System Building Blocks Framework.
Review in Advances in urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: This narrative review examines intermittent catheterization (IC) for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) from a health systems perspective. Although IC is considered the preferred standard of care for neurogenic bladder after SCI, its long-term effectiveness depends on healthcare systems' ability to provide integrated, sustainable, and patient-centered care. The review explores system-level challenges and strategies to optimize IC delivery using the World Health Organization (WHO) Health System Building Blocks framework. Methods: A structured literature search was conducted across CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for studies published between January 2015 and June 2026. Relevant evidence addressing clinical outcomes, healthcare delivery, workforce capacity, access to catheter technologies, financing, and governance was synthesized using the WHO Health System Building Blocks framework. Key studies informing the review are summarized in Table 1. Results: Significant systemic barriers to effective IC implementation remain despite strong clinical evidence supporting its use. Key challenges included limited access to catheter supplies, inadequate workforce training, fragmented follow-up services, and inconsistent patient education. Across the reviewed literature, service delivery, workforce capacity, and access to essential technologies emerged as the most influential determinants of successful IC implementation and long-term adherence. The findings further indicated that successful IC delivery depends on the interaction and integration of multiple health system domains rather than any single component in isolation. Conclusion: Optimizing IC outcomes in SCI requires stronger health systems that support coordinated, accessible, and sustainable care. Integrating IC services into broader health system strengthening initiatives may reduce preventable complications, improve quality of life (QoL), and support Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) on health and well-being.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.