ArticleChemistry & biodiversity2026
Biphasic Regulation of Human Lymphocyte Redox Status and Cytokine Secretion by Algerian Propolis Extract: In Vitro and In Silico Evaluations.
Article in Chemistry & biodiversity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Propolis has long been used in Algerian folk medicine to strengthen immunity and treat infections. This work investigated the immunomodulatory effects of an ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on human lymphocytes. Brown propolis samples were collected from the Tlemcen region of Algeria. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy donors were cultured with increasing concentrations of EEP (0.25-2 mg/mL). Cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, ATP, cytokine secretion (IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-4), and redox markers (MDA, carbonylated proteins, GSH, catalase, and NO) were assessed. EPP exhibited a biphasic response: moderate concentrations enhanced lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine secretion, and antioxidant defenses, while higher concentrations induced cytotoxicity, Th1-dominant response and oxidative stress associated to decreased catalase activity. Molecular modeling revealed that caffeic acid, quercetin, and catechin, the major EPP compounds, exhibit strong binding affinity of toward catalase and interact with critical residues involved in enzymatic activity suggesting their potential involvement in catalase-related redox modulation with favorable pharmacokinetic properties.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.