ArticlePharmaceutical research2026
Surfactant Regulation of the Solution-Mediated Phase Transformation of Nitrofurantoin Anhydrate to Monohydrate.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeHydration of metastable anhydrates during dissolution can eliminate their supersaturation advantage and compromise formulation performance. This study used nitrofurantoin as a model system to clarify how surfactant molecular structure regulates solution-mediated phase transformation (SMPT) from anhydrate to monohydrate and supersaturation maintenance.
methodsSix surfactants, including SDS, DTAB, CTAB, STAB, Tween 20, and Tween 80, were evaluated by dissolution testing, solid-state characterization, crystallization kinetics, and molecular dynamics simulations.
resultsSurfactants inhibited SMPT in a structure-dependent manner, following the order Tween 80 > STAB > Tween 20 > CTAB > DTAB > SDS ≈ plain buffer. Longer hydrophobic chains more effectively delayed monohydrate nucleation and reduced crystal growth, whereas differences in head-group characteristics further modulated surface adsorption and inhibition among surfactants with comparable chain lengths. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that stronger adsorption on monohydrate surfaces was associated with greater blockage of growth sites.
conclusionsThis study provides mechanistic insight into surfactant-regulated nitrofurantoin hydration, highlighting hydrophobic chain length and head-group characteristics as key structural factors governing surfactant adsorption and stabilization of the anhydrate during dissolution.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42547738What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.