ArticleSurgical endoscopy2026
Near-infrared fluorescence imaging improves biliary visualization and perioperative outcomes in difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy: implications for future clinical studies.
Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsUnclear biliary anatomy is a major contributor to surgical difficulty in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) enables real-time visualization of biliary structures; however, its clinical value in difficult LC remains to be fully established. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NIRF imaging on biliary visualization and surgical outcomes in difficult LC.
methodsA total of 274 patients undergoing difficult LC were retrospectively analyzed (112 ICG, 162 white light [WL]). Perioperative outcomes and intraoperative biliary visualization were compared.
resultsDespite higher surgical difficulty scores in the ICG group (6.0 vs 5.0, P = 0.008), operative time (60.0 vs 75.0 min, P = 0.005) and blood loss (7.5 vs 10.0 ml, P < 0.001) were markedly reduced compared to WL. NIRF markedly improved visualization rates of the common hepatic duct (80% vs 57%, P = 0.010) and cystic duct-common bile duct junction (92% vs 67%, P = 0.003), and shortened visualization times for the cystic duct (1.0 vs 6.0 min, P < 0.001), common hepatic duct (4.5 vs 8.0 min, P = 0.012), and duct junction (4.0 vs 8.5 min, P < 0.001). The benefit of NIRF became more pronounced with the increase of surgical difficulty, while it maintained stable and shorter visualization time compared to WL.
conclusionsNIRF imaging significantly improves real-time identification of key biliary structures, thus reducing intraoperative blood loss and operation time in difficult LC, even in very difficult cases. The performance of NIRF imaging remains stable across increasing surgical difficulty. These findings are hypothesis-generating and provide quantitative intraoperative data to support the ongoing prospective clinical trial (ChiCTR2400088163).
Indexed as
Identifiers
42547627What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.