Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42546325›Full record

ArticleFamily medicine2026

Establishing Point-of-Care Ultrasound General Competencies: A Consensus-Based Delphi Process in Family Medicine.

Hiten Patel, Natalie Nguyen, Puja Dalal, Varshaben M Songara, Joy Shen-Wagner, Nicholas M LeFevre, William Hui, Ryan Trantham, Johnny Tenegra, Anthony M Recidoro and 4 more

Abstract read
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Article in Family medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Hiten PatelDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
Natalie NguyenKaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
Puja DalalFamily Medicine Residency Program, Novant Health, Cornelius, NC.
Varshaben M SongaraHarnett Health System (Cape Fear Valley Health), Dunn, NC.
Joy Shen-WagnerPrisma Health Family Medicine Residency Program, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC.
Nicholas M LeFevreDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO.
William HuiDivision of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University Stanford, CA.
Ryan TranthamWaco Family Medicine Residency Program, Waco, TX.
Johnny TenegraDecatur Family Medicine Residency Program, Southern Illinois University, Decatur, IL.
Anthony M RecidoroCamp Pendleton Family Medicine Residency Program, Camp Pendleton, CA.
Sally Bobbitt-HartwellDepartment of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
Carolyn ChristSchool of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
Nicoll CapizzanoDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Ryan PaulusDepartment of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesAs more family medicine residency programs incorporate point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), effective ways to teach and assess POCUS competency remain a major challenge. This Delphi study aimed to create expert consensus to define POCUS general competencies for family medicine residents.

methodsWe used a traditional Delphi study design to draft and validate a list of POCUS general competencies. We recruited a panel of 25 family medicine POCUS education experts from various backgrounds. Three rounds of voting occurred between February and July of 2025. Drafted survey items were categorized to correspond to the six Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestones. In each round, panelists rated agreement using a 5-point Likert scale. Items failing to reach consensus after round three were excluded from the final general competency list.

resultsA total of 49 general competencies were drafted prior to round one, and an additional three competencies were added between rounds. After three rounds, 45 general competencies met positive consensus, and seven lacked consensus leading to their exclusion from the final list.

conclusionsThis study used standardized, evidence-based Delphi methodology to establish the first set of POCUS general competencies for teaching and assessing family medicine residents. The general competencies identified represent a broad scope of skills correlating to the six ACGME milestones. The study provides the foundation for future research evaluating how these general competencies can be used to assess POCUS competence for family medicine residents.

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.