Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42544319›Full record

ArticleClinical & translational immunology2026

CD4

Lilith F Allen, Louise C Rowntree, Mitchell Jenzen, Ruth R Hagen, Nathan P Croft, Fiona James, Genevieve E Martin, Anthony W Purcell, Patricia T Illing, Steven Y C Tong and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical & translational immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Lilith F AllenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4197-2573
Louise C RowntreeDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-5089
Mitchell JenzenDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8427-9988
Ruth R HagenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4437-2458
Nathan P CroftDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2128-5127
Fiona JamesDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Austin Health Heidelberg VIC Australia.
Genevieve E MartinDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-7440
Anthony W PurcellDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0532-8331
Patricia T IllingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3870-0796
Steven Y C TongVictorian Infectious Diseases Service, The Royal Melbourne Hospital Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-8356
Allen C ChengSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia.
Tom C KotsimbosDepartment of Respiratory Medicine The Alfred Hospital Melbourne VIC Australia.
Jason A TrubianoDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Austin Health Heidelberg VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5111-6367
Katherine KedzierskaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.
Thi H O NguyenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-7693

Funding

NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response: Universal Influenza Vaccine Research Activities75N93021C00018 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · PI TOMPKINS, S. MARK · 2021 to 2025
$21.6M
NIH HHS 75N93021C00018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Recent outbreak of influenza A/H5N1 viral infections in birds and mammals worldwide prompted renewed concerns over an emerging H5N1-related influenza pandemic in the generally immunologically-naive global population. Cross-reactive CD4 Methods: To detect T-cell responses towards H1 and H5 viruses, we stimulated PBMCs from patients hospitalised with seasonal influenza A viruses, alongside healthy individuals, with overlapping peptide pools spanning hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) and A/New York/18/2009 (H1N1-pdm09-like) viruses. Results: Majority of acutely infected and healthy participants (100% and 75%, respectively) had detectable CD4 Conclusion: We define correlative H1- and H5-specific CD4

Indexed as

CD4+ T cellsH5N1immunologyinfluenza viruspandemic influenzaT cells

Identifiers

PMID42544319
PMCPMC13429298

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.