Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42542962›Full record

ArticleNursing philosophy : an international journal for healthcare professionals2026

Social Assistive Robots in Healthcare: Ethical Boundaries of Caritative Caring Perspective.

Malin Andtfolk, Linda Estman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nursing philosophy : an international journal for healthcare professionals, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Malin AndtfolkFaculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Health Sciences, Åbo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9380-3619
Linda EstmanFaculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Health Sciences, Åbo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Caring is commonly described as the ethical core of nursing and as a fundamentally human way of relating to others. As social assistive robots are increasingly introduced into healthcare, questions emerge regarding the role these technologies can play in caring practices. Drawing on Katie Eriksson's theory of caritative caring, this paper examines how social assistive robots may be understood in caring and discusses the ethical boundaries that should guide their use. Caritative caring, grounded in Caritas, emphasizes human dignity, the care relationship, invitation, responsibility, virtue, obligation or duty, and ethical freedom. It presupposes an ethical orientation and relational openness that robots cannot possess as ethical subjects. Social assistive robots may simulate relational behaviors and support certain aspects of care, but they lack the moral agency and compassionate intentionality required for caritative caring in its full sense. At the same time, this does not mean that robots have no place in healthcare. When designed and used within a value-sensitive and care-oriented framework, social assistive robots may complement caregivers by supporting safety, autonomy and routine care tasks. Caritative caring theory thus offers a framework for clarifying the ethical boundaries of robot use in healthcare, not as substitutes for human compassion and responsibility, but where social assistive robots may support the conditions for human caring without replacing the relation and ethical responsibilities of caregivers.

Indexed as

EmpathyRoboticsHumanscaringcaritative caring theoryhealthcaresocial assistive robots

Identifiers

PMID42542962
PMCPMC13429056

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.