Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42541494›Full record

ArticleMolecular carcinogenesis2026

Neferine-Targeted Inhibition of TrxR1 Triggers Apoptosis Through Disrupting Redox Homeostasis in Pancreatic Cancer Cells.

Xiaoqing Yuan, Si Jiang, Guanqing Zhang, Yue Wang, Qiqiang Xie, Desheng Li, Tao Lu, Huan Liu, Xin Li, Jiayu Zhang and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular carcinogenesis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Xiaoqing YuanSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Si JiangSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Guanqing ZhangSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Yue WangSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Qiqiang XieSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Desheng LiSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Tao LuSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Huan LiuSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Xin LiSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Jiayu ZhangSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.ORCID 0000-0001-7228-8320
Maolei XuSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.
Ling ZhouSchool of Pharmacy, the Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Yantai, P.R. China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Overactivation of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) is implicated in tumor development. This study aims to elucidate the efficacy and mechanisms by which neferine (Nef) exerts its anti-tumor effects in pancreatic cancer through targeting TrxR1. The results demonstrate that Nef directly binds to and inhibits the enzymatic activity of TrxR1, leading to an abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria. This accumulation subsequently results in a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage, and the activation of apoptotic pathways, characterized by changes in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and a cascade reaction involving caspases. Reversal experiments indicated that the ROS scavenger NAC significantly counteracted the inhibitory effects of Nef on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and its induction of apoptosis. Genetic experiments confirmed that the knockdown of TrxR1 enhances the anti-pancreatic cancer effects of Nef. Furthermore, a nude mouse xenograft tumor model validated the in vivo efficacy of Nef in suppressing tumor growth via TrxR1 inhibition. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that elevated TrxR1 expression is associated with a poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Collectively, our results confirm that Nef is a novel inhibitor of TrxR1 and provide experimental evidence for a therapeutic strategy targeting TrxR1.

Indexed as

ApoptosisBenzylisoquinolinesPancreatic NeoplasmsThioredoxin Reductase 1AnimalsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHomeostasisHumansMembrane Potential, MitochondrialMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, NudeMitochondriaOxidation-ReductionBenzylisoquinolinesneferineReactive Oxygen SpeciesThioredoxin Reductase 1TXNRD1 protein, humanneferinepancreatic cancerreactive oxygen speciesredox homeostasisthioredoxin reductase 1

Identifiers

PMID42541494
PMCPMC13576811

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.