Development of the Short Form of the Specific Module of QLICD-BPH (V2.0) for Assessing Quality of Life with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Classical Test Theory, Item Response Theory, and Generalizability Theory.

Yuxi Liu, Zhengqin Xiao, Hairong He, Yuming Huang, Delin Yang, Mushi Ye, Chonghua Wan, Qikang Chen

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Article in European urology open science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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8 authors.

Yuxi LiuInstitute of Gynecology, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.

Zhengqin XiaoHospital Infection Management Department, The Third People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China.

Hairong HeInstitute of Gynecology, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.

Yuming HuangShaoxing Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision, Shaoxing, China.

Delin YangUrology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.

Mushi YeUrology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.

Chonghua WanSchool of Humanities and Management, Key Laboratory for Quality of Life and Psychological Assessment and Intervention, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.

Qikang ChenInstitute of Gynecology, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Brief measuring instruments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that can be implemented in clinical practice are scarce in China, highlighting the need for shorter and more precise instruments. The Quality of Life Instrument for Chronic Diseases-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia version 2.0 (QLICD-BPH V2.0) has previously demonstrated good validity for reporting BPH. Objective: This paper aimed to establish and validate a short form of the BPH-specific module (SPD-16) domain in the QLICD-BPH V2.0 using classical test theory (CTT), generalization theory (GT), item response theory (IRT), and core panel discussion. Design setting and participants: A total of 141 patients with BPH were recruited to complete the cross-sectional survey at the hospital. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: The QLICD-BPH V2.0 was used, and an ideal structural model for the short form was initially identified through the core panel. The optimal length was then determined as the minimal one that accepted the reliability through the GT analysis of the scale. CTT, IRT, and core panel were used to select a subset of items for the short form. A short form was determined based on qualitative and quantitative analyses, and the internal evaluation was conducted simultaneously. Results: The seven-item (SPD-7), which was able to distinguish individuals with BPH traits, was deemed sufficient for use in the short form. Cronbach a for the SPD-7 was 0.854. The SPD-7 had good item-total ( Conclusions: The SPD-7 showed good reliability and validity and can be used as an effective tool to evaluate the quality of life of patients with BPH.

Indexed as

Benign prostatic hyperplasiaClassical test theoryGeneralizability theoryItem response theoryQuality of LifeShort form

Identifiers

PMID42540492

DOI10.1016/j.euros.2026.05.022

PMCPMC13425796

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