Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42540120›Full record

ArticleEULAR rheumatology open2026

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) collaborative care involving acupuncture for axial spondyloarthritis: 6-week exploratory results of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Yu Heng Kwan, Ting Hui Woon, Charmaine Wai Yan Sum, Xiang Ling Ang, Bee Choo Tai, Youyi Huang, Marcel Bilger, Jie Kie Phang, Hui Chin Tan, Su-An Quek and 16 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in EULAR rheumatology open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Yu Heng KwanDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Ting Hui WoonDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Charmaine Wai Yan SumDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Xiang Ling AngSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Bee Choo TaiSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Youyi HuangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore.
Marcel BilgerHealth Economics and Policy Group, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria.
Jie Kie PhangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Hui Chin TanSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Su-An QuekSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Ader LimSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Chiah Yuen WongSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Shin Yoong ChuaSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Clara EngSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Jia Ven LeeSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Choy Tip TanSingapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore.
Bao Qiang DongLiaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
Hwee Ling KohDepartment of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Ying Ying LeungDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Siaw Ing YeoDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Swee Cheng NgDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Charmaine Tze May WangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Kok Yong FongDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Julian ThumbooDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Truls ØstbyeProgramme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.
Warren FongDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: This pragmatic randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) collaborative model of care (TCMCMC) in patients with active axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Here, we present the week 6 analysis. Methods: Patients with active axSpA (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI] ≥4), spinal pain ≥4 and inadequate response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were randomised to receive either usual rheumatologic care (control) or TCMCMC (intervention, ie, usual rheumatologic care with TCM consultations and 10 acupuncture sessions). Spinal pain at week 6 was the primary outcome. Evaluation of other clinical and quality of life outcomes at week 6 was exploratory. Results: We recruited 139 participants, with 69 and 70 in the control and intervention groups, respectively. Median (IQR) age was 42.0 (33.0-56.0) years and 98 (70.5%) participants were male. Spinal pain and BASDAI scores were 0.75 (95% CI: -1.46, -0.03) and 0.71 (95% CI: -1.30, -0.13) points lower in the intervention than the control group (below the minimal clinically important differences of 1.5-1.6 and 1.3-1.4, respectively). Adjustments for baseline scores did not significantly alter the results. Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life scores were 1.21 (95% CI: -2.30, -0.11) points lower in the intervention after adjusting for baseline scores. 36-item Short Form Health Survey Mental Component Summary was 4.30 (95% CI: -8.03, -0.56) lower in the intervention when unadjusted, but insignificant after adjusting for baseline. Other outcomes were not statistically significant. One adverse event was observed in each group. Conclusions: The intervention group had improved spinal pain, disease activity, and disease-specific quality of life, without significant safety risks.

Identifiers

PMID42540120
PMCPMC13425158

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.