ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026
Bacterial surface display enables lysis-independent joint host-pathogen single-cell profiling.
Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Heterogeneity in host-pathogen interactions arises from variation in both host cell state and pathogen state, yet most single-cell methods capture these features separately. Joint profiling is limited by fundamental technical mismatches between host- and pathogen-derived material, particularly differences in cell wall structure, lysis requirements, and molecular abundance. Here we introduce a lysis-independent strategy that enables unified measurement of intracellular bacterial presence and state alongside host single-cell profiles. We repurpose bacterial surface display to encode promoter activity and bacterial identity as antibody-detectable signals, rendering bacterial features compatible with existing antibody-based single-cell assays. This approach is modular across promoters, epitope tags, display scaffolds, and bacterial species, including
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