ArticleTobacco control2026
Pilot randomised controlled trial of an e-cigarette and tobacco use intervention for hospitalised youth.
Article in Tobacco control, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05936099 (Development and Implementation of a Tobacco and ENDS Use Intervention for Adolescents and Young Adults in the Pediatric Hospital), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Development and Implementation of a Tobacco and ENDS Use Intervention for Adolescents and Young Adults in the Pediatric Hospital
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9 authors.
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Abstract
introductionWe sought to evaluate preliminary efficacy and implementation outcomes of an e-cigarette and tobacco cessation intervention for hospitalised youth in the USA.
methodsWe conducted a pilot randomised controlled trial at a paediatric hospital with 3-month follow-up from August 2023 to December 2024. Hospitalised youth (14-21 years) with self-reported past 30-day e-cigarette use were eligible. Exclusions included severe medical/psychiatric illness, cognitive impairment and inability to communicate in English. Intervention entailed health education, motivational interviewing counselling, quit planning, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and phone booster sessions. Control entailed brief advice and quit programme referral. The primary outcome was self-reported past 30-day e-cigarette abstinence at 3 months with biochemical confirmation with intention-to-treat (ITT) sensitivity analysis. Implementation outcomes included acceptability, feasibility and fidelity.
resultsIn 144 hospitalised youth enrolled, the mean age was 16.2 years (SD: 1.3) and 62% were female. At 3 months there was no difference in past 30-day e-cigarette abstinence between arms (intervention 43% vs control 42%; p=0.91). In ITT analysis we found the OR of abstinence was OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.27 to 2.19, p=0.62) in the intervention versus control. Mean fidelity score was 43 (SD: 3; out of 50). All intervention participants (n=96) completed the initial in-person intervention, 49% made a quit plan, of those 23% were prescribed NRT. Most (89%) were somewhat/very satisfied with the intervention.
conclusionsOur study is among the first to demonstrate promising implementation but not efficacy of an e-cigarette cessation intervention in hospitalised youth. Future work is needed to enhance intervention efficacy in this population. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05936099.
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