Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42538126›Full record

ArticleEmergency medicine Australasia : EMA2026

Family, Domestic and Sexual Violence Presentations to a Virtual Emergency Department: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Eleanor R Johnson, Kristina Edvardsson, Jennifer Hutton, Leesa Hooker, Brianna Pike, Bijaya Pokharel, Jessica E Moulton, Rebecca L Jessup

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Eleanor R JohnsonOffice of Research, Northern Health, Epping, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6715-1448
Kristina EdvardssonJudith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-3664
Jennifer HuttonVictorian Virtual Emergency Department, Northern Health, Epping, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7911-9546
Leesa HookerJudith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-1139
Brianna PikeJudith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9992-9739
Bijaya PokharelReducing Gender-Based Violence Research Group, Violet Vines Marshman Centre for Rural Health Research, La Trobe Rural Health School, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia.
Jessica E MoultonJudith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7172-9470
Rebecca L JessupSchool of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-5231

Funding

La Trobe University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFamily, domestic and sexual violence (FDSV) is a global health issue affecting one in four women. Emergency departments (EDs) are often the first point of healthcare contact for people experiencing FDSV. Virtual emergency departments have been introduced in Australia to improve access to care and reduce pressure on physical EDs, but little is known about FDSV presentations in this setting. This study aimed to identify and describe FDSV presentations to the Victorian Virtual Emergency Department (VVED).

methodsA retrospective cohort study examined FDSV presentations to VVED between 1 July 2023 and 30 June 2024. Cases were identified using VVED, injury surveillance, and clinician documentation data. Records were filtered by age, sex and injury intent, followed by file review to confirm eligibility. Demographic and presentation characteristics were summarised using descriptive statistics.

resultsTwenty-one FDSV presentations were identified among 173,936 VVED presentations (0.012%). All were female, median age 37 years. Most were born in Australia (86%) and lived in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas (62%). Intimate partner violence was the most common form of FDSV (81%), and injuries above the clavicle (head, face and neck injuries) were the most frequent presentation (53%). Most patients were referred via healthcare professionals (76%). One-third were directed to physical EDs, while most were managed virtually with follow-up arranged through general practitioners or other healthcare providers.

conclusionsFDSV presentations were rarely identified in the virtual emergency setting, suggesting under-detection. Virtual EDs offer opportunities to support people experiencing violence, but improved clinician training, documentation and referral pathways are needed.

Indexed as

Domestic ViolenceEmergency Service, HospitalSex OffensesAdolescentAdultAustraliaCohort StudiesEmergency Room VisitsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesVictoriadomestic violenceemergency medical servicesfamily violenceintimate partner violencereproductive coercionsexual violencetelemedicine

Identifiers

PMID42538126
PMCPMC13427619

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.