ArticleIndian journal of pediatrics2026
Comparative Cytokine Profiles in Enthesitis-Related Arthritis and Adult Spondyloarthritis.
Article in Indian journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesTo compare circulating cytokine/chemokine profiles in treatment-naïve enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) and adult peripheral spondyloarthritis (SpA) to identify shared and divergent biological signatures.
methodsIn a combined cross-sectional/longitudinal design conducted at a tertiary center (January 2024-January 2025), the authors evaluated ERA (n = 30) and adult SpA patients (n = 30) alongside age-/sex-matched healthy pediatric (n = 20) and adult (n = 20) controls. Clinical features, disease activity, and routine laboratory parameters were recorded. Serum TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-22, GM-CSF, CXCL4/PF4, CXCL10, CXCL16, and NRG4 were quantified by ELISA.
resultsERA showed more peripheral arthritis (83.3%) and enthesitis (90%), whereas adult SpA showed more sacroiliitis/axial involvement (93.3%) and longer morning stiffness. Versus controls, both patient groups had elevated CXCL16 (p <0.001) and PF4 (p = 0.001). GM-CSF and NRG4 were increased in both diseases and were higher in adult SpA than ERA (GM-CSF: 65 vs. 38 pg/mL, p = 0.003; NRG4: 50.23 vs. 37.34 ng/mL, p <0.001). TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-22, and CXCL10 showed no significant group differences.
conclusionsThese findings provide a rationale for biomarker-informed phenotyping and future stratified treatment approaches; however, single-center sampling and ELISA-only measurements warrant multicenter validation.
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