Clinical characteristics and associated factors of airway allergic diseases among children: a cross-sectional study in a district of Beijing.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic factors, dietary habits, and social behavior patterns on allergic airway diseases among children in Beijing, providing evidence for disease prevention and early intervention. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was employed to survey 2,132 children aged 6-12 years in a district of Beijing. Participants were categorized into disease and control groups according to ARIA and GINA guidelines. Data on genetic background, dietary habits, and social behavior patterns were collected via questionnaires and physical examinations. Results were presented using descriptive statistics, with associated factors analyzed through binary logistic regression. Results: Among 2,132 children, the prevalence of allergic airway disease was 28.8%. Compared with the control group, the disease group exhibited significantly higher proportions of males ( Discussion: This study investigated the impact of various factors on the prevalence of allergic airway diseases among children in a district of Beijing. In addition to revealing associations between allergic airway diseases and gender, genetic factors, tobacco exposure, and a history of atopic dermatitis, the study also found that meat consumption is an independent associated factor for allergic airway diseases in children. Furthermore, we found a certain association between localized allergic airway inflammation and sleep disturbances as well as depressive symptoms. Our findings underscore the need for public health interventions that simultaneously address multiple lifestyle factors to reduce the risk of allergic diseases.