ArticleFrontiers in aging neuroscience2026
Multilevel functional network signature of Pisa syndrome in Parkinson's disease: a resting-state fMRI study.
Article in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Pisa syndrome (PS) is a disabling postural complication of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its functional network basis remains insufficiently defined. The aim of this study is to determine whether PD with PS is associated with multilevel resting-state functional network abnormalities beyond differences in motor severity. Methods: We studied 31 patients with PD and PS and 42 patients with PD without PS using resting-state fMRI. Analyses included seed-based functional connectivity, regional homogeneity, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, and graph-theoretical metrics of whole-brain topology. Group comparisons adjusted for age, sex, education, Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage, and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD); sensitivity analyses further adjusted for the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III). Results: Compared with PD without PS, PD-PS showed reduced connectivity between the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) and the left supplementary motor area (SMA) and right cerebellar Crus I, reduced interoccipital connectivity, increased connectivity between the right anterior insula and posterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex, lower occipital and postcentral fALFF, lower right superior parietal ReHo, and disrupted whole-brain topology with lower small-worldness and efficiency and longer path length. PPN-SMA connectivity correlated inversely with MDS-UPDRS-III and positively with visuospatial/executive performance, but not with lateral flexion angle; global efficiency correlated with Hoehn and Yahr stage and lateral flexion angle. PPN-related findings reflect connectivity involving a PPN-centered brainstem region rather than the PPN nucleus per se. Findings remained significant after additional adjustment for MDS-UPDRS-III. Conclusion: PS in PD is associated with convergent abnormalities involving brainstem-sensorimotor coupling, visual-parietal integration, salience-default mode interactions, and global network organization. These findings demonstrate group differences in functional network organization between PD patients with and without PS. They support a multilevel network model, but further studies are needed to determine whether these alterations are specifically related to PS severity or pathophysiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.