ReviewFrontiers in oncology2026
Combined therapy strategies of immune checkpoint inhibitors in gynecologic oncology: progress and challenges.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Gynecologic malignancies, including cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, remain major threats to women's health [1]. Despite advances in conventional treatments, outcomes for advanced or recurrent disease remain unsatisfactory [2]. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer new hope but are limited by low response rates as monotherapy [3]. This review summarizes the application of ICIs in gynecologic cancers, focusing on combination strategies with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and anti-angiogenic agents, along with their mechanisms and clinical progress [4]. Key clinical trial data are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of combination approaches. Current challenges are also analyzed, including drug resistance, adverse events, treatment optimization, and biomarker development [5]. ICI-based combination therapy has revolutionized the management of advanced gynecologic cancers. The key issue now is how to optimize these regimens in clinical practice, which requires deeper understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment, reliable multi-dimensional biomarkers, and well-designed clinical trials [6].
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