ArticleFrontiers in plant science2026
Identification of genome size and heterozygosity in 510 Jujube (
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Genome size and heterozygosity represent the fundamental genetic attributes of a species, but their intraspecies diversity and evolution remain largely elusive. Methods: To address this, we developed a deep-resequencing-based approach for genome estimation by optimizing resequencing depth (30×) and kmer value (21) in Chinese jujube ( Results: We estimated the genome size of 296 cultivated jujube genotypes from 293 to 409 Mb (mean 347 Mb, CV 5.94%) with heterozygosity of 1.30% to 2.01% (mean 1.72%, CV 8.21%); for 214 wild jujube, genome size varies between 311 and 391 Mb (mean 339 Mb, CV 3.40%), and heterozygosity 1.22% to 2.13% (mean 1.74%, CV 6.79%). Additionally, analyzing 798 jujube accessions with resequencing data in NCBI (using k-mer 21) revealed that low sequencing depths (10∼20×) of most accessions (98.61%) results in underestimated genome sizes (4.30-309 Mb) and overestimated heterozygosity (2.17-11.8%). Shannon-Wiener Index analysis for genome heterozygosity and size in jujube indicate a medium diversity level with cultivated jujube higher that wild one. Both genome size and heterozygosity show normal distribution, and there is a significant negative correlation between them. Discussion: During domestication from wild to cultivated jujube, average genome size increased by 8 Mb, while heterozygosity slightly decreased. A reference standard for genome size and heterozygosity is proposed and jujube is characterized as a small genome with mediumtohigh heterozygosity. This study establishes a powerful approach for estimating genome characteristics, enriched genomic resources for jujube, and provides insights for plant intraspecific genome diversity and evolution.
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