Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42534590›Full record

ReviewBiochar2026

Biochar production under different atmospheres: an overview.

Ondřej Mašek, Wolfram Buss, Liang Wang, Jiacheng Sun, Xutong Wang, Yue Wang, Øyvind Skreiberg

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Biochar, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ondřej MašekUK Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0713-766X
Wolfram BussResearch School of Biology, Australian National University, 134 Linnaeus Way, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia.
Liang WangSINTEF Energy Research, Sem Sælands Vei 11, NO-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
Jiacheng SunUK Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF UK.
Xutong WangUK Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF UK.
Yue WangUK Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF UK.
Øyvind SkreibergSINTEF Energy Research, Sem Sælands Vei 11, NO-7034 Trondheim, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The composition of biomass feedstock and pyrolysis parameters, such as temperature, heating rate, and residence time, are key factors that affect the distribution and properties of pyrolysis products and are among the most extensively studied. However, the pyrolysis atmosphere also plays a crucial role in determining process efficiency and product quality. This review examines the effects of various pyrolysis atmospheres on biochar yields and properties, and also considers impacts on pyrolysis gases and liquids. While nitrogen is commonly used in research, the demand for biochar with specific properties like increased porosity and functionality has led to exploring alternative atmospheres such as steam, oxidative, pyrolysis gas, carbon dioxide, methane and ammonia. These alternatives can produce biochar with the desired characteristics in a single step, bypassing the need for multiple modifications. This review provides an overview of these pyrolysis atmosphere options, their applications, advantages, and potential challenges. Future research directions are also identified and highlighted, offering a roadmap for advancing biochar production technology. Graphical Abstract: Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42773-026-00626-8.

Indexed as

AmmoniaAtmosphereBiocharBiomass pyrolysisCarbon dioxideSteam

Identifiers

PMID42534590
PMCPMC13421295

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.