ArticleJournal of military, veteran and family health2026
Pharmacogenomics testing to optimize medical countermeasures against chemical warfare agents and bacterial biothreats in military settings.
Article in Journal of military, veteran and family health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Pharmacogenomics testing is a promising tool for strengthening medical countermeasures against military threats such as chemical warfare agents and bacterial biothreats. This review assesses the role of pharmacogenomics in military health care, highlighting distinct requirements in defence compared to civilian settings. Methods: We conducted a systematic review (PubMed, 2010-25) to identify publications focusing on pharmacogenomics, nerve agent susceptibility, and tularemia treatment. Key search terms included combinations relevant to genetic factors affecting chemical and bacterial threat responses. Studies were evaluated for genetic variations influencing nerve agent toxicity, related treatment responses, and antibiotic pharmacogenomics. Results: Genetic variants substantially impact susceptibility to nerve agents and the effectiveness of countermeasures. Polymorphisms in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) modify toxicity risk and treatment response to oximes, atropine, and benzodiazepines. For bacterial biothreats, genetic factors affect antibiotic efficacy and risk for adverse reactions, especially with aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. Sex and gender differences in pharmacogenomic responses are important yet under-recognized. Discussion: Integrating pharmacogenomic testing in military health care has the potential to improve force protection and operational readiness for chemical and biological threats. Nonetheless, challenges remain, including cost, logistical feasibility in mass casualty events, and the development of rapid deployable testing platforms. Future research should emphasize validation studies and implementation strategies tailored for military needs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.