ArticleJournal of military, veteran and family health2025
Examining the implications of a masculinity contest culture on well-being and retention in a military context.
Article in Journal of military, veteran and family health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Unhealthy organizational culture can negatively impact military members' well-being and retention. Masculinity contest cultures (MCCs) - zero-sum competitions with rules defined by traditional masculine norms - have been linked to harassment, discrimination, and abuse of power. Conversely, transformational leadership fosters positive social interactions contributing to healthy organizational culture. This study examined the moderating effect of transformational leadership on the relationships between an MCC and three outcomes: psychological health, microaggressions, and turnover intentions. Methods: This study is based on secondary analyses of the 2022 Results: MCC was positively related to all three outcomes, with the effects on psychological distress and microaggressions diminishing with increasing levels of transformational leadership. Considering the role of gender, the interaction effects on psychological distress were only significant for men. Discussion: The findings highlight the negative outcomes of an MCC. Encouragingly, the results suggest that one solution may lie in developing transformational leaders who can influence the behaviour of others through their actions. Findings can help inform CAF and Department of National Defence strategies and policies that foster inclusivity and a healthy organizational culture.
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