ArticleInternational journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association2026
Oncological Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Followed by Avelumab Maintenance Therapy Compared With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Alone: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis in a Real-World Population.
Article in International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Defining Time Zero and the Comparator in a Real-World Study of Avelumab Maintenance Therapy.International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026Article
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21 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesAvelumab maintenance therapy following platinum-based chemotherapy is recommended as an alternative treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma; however, real-world data are limited, and no predictive system has been established to identify suitable candidates for avelumab at the initiation of chemotherapy.
methodsThis retrospective study analyzed 324 patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who received platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients were divided into three groups: 130 who received avelumab (avelumab group), 58 who did not experience disease progression on chemotherapy within 4 cycles but did not receive avelumab (PBC-only group), and 136 who experienced disease progression on chemotherapy within 4 cycles (PBC-PD group). Oncological outcomes were compared among the groups, and a system for predicting the maintained response to chemotherapy for 4 or more cycles was explored.
resultsThe avelumab group had significantly longer overall survival than the other two groups. After propensity score matching, overall survival was significantly longer in the avelumab group than in the PBC-only group. Lymph node-only metastasis and a low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were identified as predictive factors for maintaining response to chemotherapy. Among patients with these two factors (favorable group), 81.1% maintained a response, and those who received avelumab maintenance therapy showed that the median overall survival was 33.4 months from initiation of chemotherapy.
conclusionsThe survival benefit of avelumab following chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone was confirmed. In the favorable group, avelumab following chemotherapy may be a valuable option if they are ineligible or unwilling to receive the preferred regimen.
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