ArticleThe Plant cell2026
HHO5 orchestrates dose-dependent feedback regulation of organic versus inorganic nitrogen signaling in Arabidopsis.
Article in The Plant cell, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- HHO5 balances the plant nitrogen diet.The Plant cell · 2026Article
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Abstract
A major goal in agriculture is to engineer crops to maintain yield with less nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Important regulators of plant N-responses include HRS1 HOMOLOG (HHO) transcription factors (TFs); yet, their redundant repressive mode of action hinders functional analyses. Here, we highlight HHO5 as a unique HHO TF based on its phylogenetic position, phloem specific expression, and dual role in regulating responses to inorganic and organic N-dose signals. Our results support a model whereby HHO5 mediates feedback repression of inorganic nitrate uptake under organic N satiety: (i) Meta-analyses revealed HHO5 expression is repressed by inorganic N, but induced by organic N treatments. (ii) HHO5 directly binds and represses nitrate response genes, but indirectly induces organic N-response genes. (iii) HHO5 indirect target gene induction occurs via WRKY partner TFs, validated using a cell-based DoubleTARGET TF co-perturbation assay. (iv) HHO5 initiates a validated gene regulatory network path which encompasses ∼12% of the N-dose response genes in planta. (v) Phenotypically, single hho5 T-DNA mutants show reduced N-dose dependent growth, and decreased seed N content. (vi) HHO5 represses nitrate uptake but induces root growth responses to Glu in planta. Overall, our findings support a model wherein HHO5 orchestrates dose dependent feedback regulation of organic versus inorganic N-signaling in Arabidopsis.
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