ReviewThe oncologist2026
Chemical exposures as risk factors for the development of thyroid cancer.
Review in The oncologist, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) has risen in recent decades, prompting investigation of environmental contributors beyond traditional risk factors. SUMMARY: This narrative review examines the association between TC and chemical exposures including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), phthalates, phenols, nitrates, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Several studies have shown a link between PFAS and PCB exposure and TC, particularly papillary thyroid cancer. Nitrates, even at currently accepted safe exposure levels have also been shown to have an association with TC. Findings for phthalates, PBDEs, phenols, and PAHs are inconsistent and less studied.
conclusionCurrent evidence supports that an association exists between select chemical exposures and TC development, but study limitations prevent any direct link to causation. Further research is needed to guide clinical practice and public health policy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.