ReviewAbdominal radiology (New York)2026
Unmasking infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma: a pictorial essay.
Review in Abdominal radiology (New York), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive macroscopic growth pattern of HCC characterized by diffuse parenchymal involvement, heterogeneous neovascularity and a high risk of vascular invasion. Early radiologic detection might be challenging because tumor signal and enhancement often blend into the heterogeneous cirrhotic liver background, leading to delayed diagnosis and unfavorable prognosis. This pictorial essay reviews the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the imaging appearance of infiltrative HCC and highlights the central role of multiphasic CT and MRI in its evaluation. MRI is particularly valuable in ill‑defined disease due to superior tissue characterization related to higher contrast resolution achieved by diffusion‑weighted imaging (DWI), subtraction techniques, T1‑ and T2‑weighted sequences and hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced imaging. Typical imaging features include T1 hypointensity, T2 hyperintensity, variable arterial enhancement with heterogeneous washout, diffusion restriction, bulging contours, satellite nodules and tumor in vein. This essay highlights patterns of infiltrative HCC spread and key complications, such as venous tumor thrombosis and arteriovenous fistula, and reviews important differential diagnoses. Recognizing these imaging characteristics of infiltrative HCC supports accurate LI‑RADS categorization, enables earlier diagnosis, guides appropriate use of biopsy for indeterminate lesions and promotes optimized multidisciplinary management, particularly in patients awaiting liver transplantation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42530593What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.