Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42530505›Full record

ArticleJournal of nutrition education and behavior2026

When School Meals Are No Longer Free: A Qualitative Exploration of Elementary School Teachers' Experiences and Perceptions.

Deborah A Olarte, Katie Cueva, Ashley Kesack, Tara Cortez, Christina D Economos, Brittany Rodvik, Juliana F W Cohen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Deborah A OlarteDepartment of Nutrition and Food Studies, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY. Electronic address: deborah.olarte@nyu.edu.
Katie CuevaInstitute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska, Anchorage, Anchorage, AK.
Ashley KesackCenter for Health Innovation, Research, and Policy, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA.
Tara CortezCenter for Health Innovation, Research, and Policy, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA.
Christina D EconomosInstitute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska, Anchorage, Anchorage, AK; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA.
Brittany RodvikDepartment of Nutrition and Public Health, School of Nursing and Health Science, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA.
Juliana F W CohenDepartment of Nutrition and Public Health, School of Nursing and Health Science, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.

Funding

Evaluation of a District-Wide Initiative to Improve School Meal Consumption and Physical Activity Levels among Elementary Students in Anchorage, AlaskaR01HD107492 · NICHD · MERRIMACK COLLEGE · PI Juliana FW Cohen · 2021 to 2026
$2.6M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD107492
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo explore teachers' perceptions of student hunger and behavior, school meal participation, food waste, family stress, supervision, and meal locations during a federal universal free school meals (UFSM) policy, comparing the 2021-2022 school year to the 2022-2023 school year.

methodsTwenty-five kindergarten through sixth-grade teachers participated in online interviews in 6 elementary schools in Anchorage, Alaska. Transcripts were analyzed using immersion/crystallization. Researchers coded data (k = 0.82) and identified recurring themes and domains.

resultsDuring UFSM, teachers perceived reduced hunger and family stress but increased food waste. Classroom eating fostered community and improved behavior, despite clean-up challenges and lost planning time. Following UFSM deimplementation, teachers perceived declined participation, increased hunger, and anxiety about meal costs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Teachers view UFSM as essential for student health and equity. Findings support sustained UFSM policies and integrating teacher perspectives into meal program design.

Indexed as

Food ServicesSchoolsSchool TeachersAlaskaChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMealsNutrition PolicyQualitative Researchqualitative researchschool meals policyteachersuniversal free school meals

Identifiers

PMID42530505
PMCPMC13460054

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.