Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42529519›Full record

ArticleData in brief2026

BiCervi: Pap smear microscopy image dataset for cervical cancer detection and classification.

Hope Mbelwa, Judith Leo, Crispin Kahesa, Asafu Munema, Elizabeth Mkoba

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Data in brief, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hope MbelwaSchool of Computational and Communication Science and Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, 23311, Tanzania.
Judith LeoSchool of Computational and Communication Science and Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, 23311, Tanzania.
Crispin KahesaDepartment of Cancer Prevention Services, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar Es Salaam, 11101, Tanzania.
Asafu MunemaDepartment of Clinical Support Services, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar Es Salaam, 11101, Tanzania.
Elizabeth MkobaSchool of Computational and Communication Science and Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, 23311, Tanzania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cervical cancer is still a major public-health challenge, especially in low and middle-income countries where there are limited numbers of specialists to review Pap smears. While Pap smear screening is widely used, manual reading is slow and can vary from one expert to another, which makes data-driven decision support increasingly important. However, Pap smear imagery datasets from African screening settings are still limited, slowing down the development and fair evaluation of machine-learning models. This article presents a curated dataset of Pap smear microscopy images collected at The Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI) in Tanzania. Images were obtained using a digital microscope with a 10 × /0.25 objective lens, and stored as RGB JPEG images at a resolution of a 2592 × 1944 pixels. The Bethesda System for reporting cervical cytology was used to label the images and organize them into eight diagnostic categories: Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASC-US), Atypical Squamous Cells, cannot exclude High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (ASC-H), Atypical Glandular Cells (AGC), High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL), Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL), Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy (NILM), Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Adenocarcinoma. Labels were independently reviewed by two experts for consistency, and disagreements were resolved through adjudication to reach a final decision; images that could not be labeled with sufficient confidence were excluded during quality control. The resulting dataset comprises 3,000 images and can be used to develop Artificial Intelligence-based tools for cervical cancer detection.

Indexed as

Cervical cancerCervical cytologyComputer visionMachine learningPap smear

Identifiers

PMID42529519
PMCPMC13417976

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.