Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42528850›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Donor dependency and pandemic readiness: insights from the 2026 Ebola Bundibugyo outbreak in the East African community.

John Mugisha, Julius Niyibizi, Emmanuel Nizeyimana, Munawar Harun Koray

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

John MugishaRwanda Implementation Science & Health Systems Lab (RISHS Lab), Kigali, Rwanda.
Julius NiyibiziRwanda Implementation Science & Health Systems Lab (RISHS Lab), Kigali, Rwanda.
Emmanuel NizeyimanaRwanda Implementation Science & Health Systems Lab (RISHS Lab), Kigali, Rwanda.
Munawar Harun KoraySouthern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The 2026 Bundibugyo virus disease (BVD) outbreak has exposed persistent weaknesses in health-security preparedness across the East African Community (EAC). Although regional preparedness has improved, major gaps remain in early detection, cross-border collaboration and surveillance, laboratory capacity, infection prevention and control, and community engagement. These vulnerabilities have been intensified by declining external health-security funding since 2025, incomplete implementation of domestic health-financing commitments, and the fragility of systems that were built with substantial donor support but not fully institutionalized. Drawing on the current outbreak and the extensive experience with Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), this Perspective argues that the outbreak should be understood not only as an infectious-disease emergency but also as a stress test for donor-supported preparedness systems. It calls for phased transitions from donor-supported functions toward sustained domestic and regional financing, permanent cross-border surveillance, strengthened peripheral laboratory capacity, institutionalized community-based preparedness, and outbreak-ready clinical research platforms.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksHemorrhagic Fever, EbolaPandemicsAfrica, EasternDemocratic Republic of the CongoHumansInternational CooperationPandemic PreparednessPublic Health InfrastructureBundibugyo virus diseasecross-border collaboration and surveillanceDemocratic Republic of the Congodonor dependencyEast African communityhealth security financingoutbreak research infrastructure

Identifiers

PMID42528850
PMCPMC13416087

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.