Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42528212›Full record

ArticleAnnals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery : official journal of the Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons of Asia2026

Survival Outcomes of Adjuvant Nivolumab after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Ruihan Zeng, Shinji Mine, Motomi Nasu, Takashi Hashimoto, Rie Makuuchi, Asako Ozaki, Yutaro Yoshimoto, Takehiro Watanabe, Shotaro Takai, Tetsu Fukunaga

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Article in Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery : official journal of the Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons of Asia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ruihan ZengDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Shinji MineDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6232-3732
Motomi NasuDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Takashi HashimotoDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Rie MakuuchiDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Asako OzakiDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Yutaro YoshimotoDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Takehiro WatanabeDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Shotaro TakaiDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Tetsu FukunagaDepartment of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeGiven the limited Japanese real-world evidence, this study aimed to evaluate the survival and safety of adjuvant nivolumab after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with an incomplete pathological response to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

methodThis single-center retrospective study included 105 of 259 patients with ESCC who had an incomplete pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and esophagectomy. Recurrence patterns and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were analyzed, and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between the nivolumab and non-nivolumab groups before and after propensity score matching (PSM).

resultAmong 105 patients, 17 received adjuvant nivolumab. Median follow-up was 26.8 months; recurrence occurred in 33 patients (31.4%), and irAEs occurred in 2 nivolumab-treated patients (11.8%). Before PSM, OS and DFS were not significantly different between 2 groups. After PSM, OS remained nonsignificant (P = 0.202), whereas DFS showed a favorable trend toward improvement in the nivolumab group, with 1-year DFS rates of 75.0% versus 68.8% and 3-year DFS rates of 68.2% versus 19.3%, respectively (P = 0.067). Nivolumab was not an independent prognostic factor, although exploratory high-risk subgroups showed favorable DFS trends.

conclusionAdjuvant nivolumab showed a nonsignificant favorable trend in DFS after PSM, with late curve separation favoring the nivolumab group and manageable irAEs.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalEsophageal NeoplasmsEsophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaEsophagectomyImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsNeoadjuvant TherapyNivolumabAgedChemotherapy, AdjuvantDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalRetrospective StudiesAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsNivolumabdisease-free survivalesophageal squamous cell carcinomaimmune-related adverse eventnivolumaboverall survival

Identifiers

PMID42528212
PMCPMC13423280

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.