Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42527915›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2026

Here today, gone tomorrow? Managerial perceptions of opportunities and challenges with temporary employment in eldercare.

Tomas Lindmark, David Hallman, Gunnar Bergström, Annika Strömberg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tomas LindmarkDepartment of Social Work, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. tomas.lindmark@uu.se.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-3986
David HallmanFaculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2741-1868
Gunnar BergströmFaculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-160X
Annika StrömbergFaculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Business and Economics Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-3496

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTemporary employment is widely used in eldercare to address staffing shortages, but heavy reliance on temporary workers may compromise continuity of care, staff workload, and quality of care. Managers are key to how staffing is organised and handled in daily practice. This study examined how managers at different organisational levels perceived the opportunities and challenges of temporary employment in municipal eldercare.

methodsThis qualitative study was based on semi-structured interviews with 16 managers across four organisational levels in Swedish municipal eldercare, including residential care homes, home care services, and higher-level management. The interview guide focused on managers' experiences of temporary employment, staffing practices, care continuity, work environment, and perceived effects on care quality. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

resultsThree themes were identified. Balancing staffing on a tightrope describes managers' struggle to ensure continuity in a system that relies on short-term solutions and often prioritising shift coverage over competence. Leading with tied hands captures managers' limited control over recruitment and workforce planning, which reinforced reliance on temporary employment. From rigidity to flexibility highlights managers' suggestions for improving staffing stability. Managers across levels identified similar challenges, but their priorities differed. First-line managers focused on daily staffing, staff well-being, and quality of care, while higher-level managers emphasised long-term planning. Temporary workers helped cover staffing gaps, but also increased permanent employees' workloads and complicated workforce planning. Managers expressed frustration with centralised staffing decisions that prioritised immediate coverage over long-term stability. Temporary workers were often treated as interchangeable rather than integrated team members, reflecting systemic problems in staffing practices.

conclusionTemporary workers are essential for keeping eldercare services running, but over-reliance on temporary employment may reinforce reactive staffing practices, increase pressure on permanent staff, and weaken continuity. Managers suggested better onboarding, greater local hiring control, and dedicated staffing pools. Addressing these issues requires both immediate measures to integrate temporary workers into regular teams and longer-term changes in workforce planning, staffing levels, and local managerial influence.

Indexed as

EmploymentHealth Services for the AgedHome Care ServicesPersonnel Staffing and SchedulingFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleQualitative ResearchQuality of Health CareSwedenWorking ConditionsWorkloadFlexible employmentHome carePrecarious workResidential care homeStaffing shortagesWork environmentZero-hour contracts

Identifiers

PMID42527915
PMCPMC13422038

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.