Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42525754›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Immunoglobulin heavy chain locus duplication in bats.

Taylor Pursell, Ashley Reers, Artem Mikelov, Prasanti Kotagiri, Brandon Lam, James A Ellison, Scott D Boyd, Hannah K Frank

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Egyptian rousette bat humoral immunity to H9 influenza hemagglutinin.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Taylor PursellDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6381-9994
Ashley ReersSchool of Science & Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1184-392X
Artem MikelovDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1629-2373
Prasanti KotagiriDepartment of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9806-4349
Brandon LamDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9737-2000
James A EllisonPoxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4492-4857
Scott D BoydDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0963-044X
Hannah K FrankSchool of Science & Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4507-181X

Funding

MOLECULAR &CELLULAR IMMUNOBIOLOGYT32AI007290 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Sean Curtis Bendall, Olivia M Martinez · 1985 to 2026
$27.0M
Comparative Medicine Biosciences Training ProgramT32OD011121 · OD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BUCKMASTER, PAUL S. · 2012 to 2025
$3.2M
Development and function of humoral immunity in the Jamaican fruit bat, Artibeus jamaicensisR21AI169548 · NIAID · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI FRANK, HANNAH KIM, SCHOUNTZ, WILLIAM A · 2022 to 2023
$431k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI169548NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007290NIH HHS T32 OD011121
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bats are major reservoirs of viruses that can be transmitted to humans in zoonotic outbreaks. Antibody-mediated immunity plays an important role in shaping viral evolution and immune evasion but remains understudied in bats. All known mammals have a single immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene locus and up to two light chain loci. We have identified dual IgH loci on separate chromosomes in 26 bat species, highlighting extreme variation of immunogenetic architecture in order Chiroptera. In a model species,

Indexed as

ChiropteraGene DuplicationGenetic LociImmunoglobulin Heavy ChainsAnimalsPhylogenyImmunoglobulin Heavy Chains

Identifiers

PMID42525754
PMCPMC13418733

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.