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ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2026

Urinary sodium and right ventricular function in acute heart failure.

Pedro Caravaca-Pérez, Carmen Jiménez López-Guarch, Ignacio Fernández-Herrero, Zorba Blázquez-Bermejo, Joan Guzman-Bofarull, Ilana Forado-Benatar, Angela Rodriguez-Eguren, Elena Sandoval, Laura Morán-Fernández, María Dolores García Cosio and 3 more

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Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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13 authors.

Pedro Caravaca-Pérez *Institut Clinic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Carmen Jiménez López-Guarch *Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), CIBERCV, Av. Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
Ignacio Fernández-HerreroCardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), CIBERCV, Av. Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
Zorba Blázquez-BermejoCardiology Department, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Joan Guzman-BofarullInstitut Clinic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Ilana Forado-BenatarInstitut Clinic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Angela Rodriguez-EgurenInstitut Clinic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Elena SandovalInstitut Clinic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Laura Morán-FernándezCardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), CIBERCV, Av. Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
María Dolores García CosioCardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), CIBERCV, Av. Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
Ana García AlvarezInstitut Clinic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Marta FarreroInstitut Clinic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Juan F DelgadoCardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), CIBERCV, Av. Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain. juan.delgado@salud.madrid.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsUrinary sodium (UNa) is a powerful predictor of adverse events in acute heart failure (AHF), although its etiopathogenic mechanism remains poorly understood. Previous studies highlight the importance of venous congestion on renal function in AHF. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between right ventricular (RV) function and UNa, as well as their prognostic interaction in AHF.

methodsWe prospectively analyzed 101 patients hospitalized for AHF, divided into high or low natriuresis groups based on the median natriuretic response to a furosemide stress test. We performed a comprehensive echocardiographic assessment of RV size and function. The clinical outcome was a 6-month composite of all-cause mortality, heart failure rehospitalization, or heart transplantation.

resultsThe median age was 65 (56-80) years, with 63.4% of male patients. Subjects with low natriuresis showed greater RV dilation (p = 0.008), right atrial dilation (p = 0.006), inferior vena cava dilation (p = 0.004), higher prevalence of RV dysfunction (p = 0.019), and moderate-to-severe tricuspid regurgitation (p < 0.001). RV dysfunction was associated with a higher likelihood of low natriuresis (OR 3.93 [1.72-9.02]; p = 0.001), poorer diuretic response during hospitalization (p = 0.037), and a higher risk of adverse events during follow-up (p = 0.002). Patients with combined RV dysfunction and low natriuresis had the worst prognosis during follow-up (HR = 38.67 [5.21-286.88]; p < 0.001).

conclusionsLow natriuresis is associated with a phenotype of AHF characterized by more advanced right-sided remodelling, higher prevalence of RV dysfunction, and an increased risk of diuretic resistance and adverse outcomes. RV function assessment may enhance prognostic stratification in AHF patients with impaired natriuretic response.

Indexed as

Acute heart failureCongestionFurosemideNatriuresisRight ventricular dysfunction

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.