ArticleRevista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology2026
Evolution of income inequalities in the caries experience of 5-year-old children in Brazil between 2010 and 2023.
Article in Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo compare income inequalities in caries experience and untreated caries in 5-year-old children between the 2010 and 2023 SB Brasil surveys.
methodsA comparative analysis of the 2010 and 2023 SB Brasil surveys was performed. For each year, the mean decayed, extracted, and filled teeth (deft) index and its respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, considering sampling weights and the complex design. Equivalent per capita family income was divided into four categories: below the poverty line; up to 1 minimum wage; up to 2 minimum wages; and above 2 minimum wages, to generate ridit scores according to sampling weights. The Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were estimated using linear regression and generalized linear models, respectively, for each year.
resultsThe mean deft decreased from 2.42 (95%CI 2.02-2.81) in 2010 to 2.14 (95%CI 1.92-2.36) in 2023. However, the SII remained stable, ranging from -1.32 (95%CI -1.70; -0.94) in 2010 to -1.14 (95%CI -1.55; -0.72) in 2023. Similarly, the RII also showed slight variation- 0.63 (95%CI 0.57-0.70) in 2010 and 0.61 (95%CI 0.51-0.73) in 2023-indicating that children from higher-income families consistently had about 40% lower risk of experiencing dental caries in both periods. The sensitivity analyses with untreated caries corroborated the findings.
conclusionDespite the average reduction in caries experience, socioeconomic disparities remained unchanged between 2010 and 2023. These findings suggest that the implemented public policies were not sufficient to reduce income inequalities in children caries and the need for more innovative and equitable strategies.
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