Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42524876›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of general virology2026

Evolutionary and molecular characteristics of high-Shannon entropy codons in VP1 of Coxsackievirus A6.

Han Mo, Hui Li, Liu Yi, Ke Qian, Juan Lin, Ziqi Lin, Fenglan He, Xian Zhang, Xiansheng Ni, Xianfeng Zhou

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of general virology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Han MoEvidence-Based Medical Research Center, Mass Spectrometry Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Chronic Disease Rehabilitation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China.
Hui LiJiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, PR China.
Liu YiJiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, PR China.
Ke QianJiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, PR China.
Juan LinJiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, PR China.
Ziqi LinEvidence-Based Medical Research Center, Mass Spectrometry Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Chronic Disease Rehabilitation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China.
Fenglan HeJiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, PR China.
Xian ZhangEvidence-Based Medical Research Center, Mass Spectrometry Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Chronic Disease Rehabilitation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China.
Xiansheng NiJiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, PR China.
Xianfeng ZhouEvidence-Based Medical Research Center, Mass Spectrometry Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Chronic Disease Rehabilitation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) has emerged as a predominant global pathogen of hand, foot and mouth disease, yet its evolutionary and molecular characteristics remain poorly understood. This study integrated 10 year molecular surveillance data from central China (2013-2024) with global CVA6 sequences to analyse high-entropy codons in the VP1 capsid protein and their co-evolution patterns. Phylogenetic and Bayesian evolutionary analyses indicated that CVA6 strains in China primarily clustered into sub-genotype D3, with an estimated global VP1 substitution rate of 3.62×10⁻³ substitutions/site/year. Shannon entropy analysis identified eight high-Shannon entropy codons in VP1 (sites 5, 29, 30, 97, 137, 174, 242, 283), with site 283 exhibiting the highest variability. A novel 283V variant (

Indexed as

Capsid ProteinsCodonEnterovirusEvolution, MolecularChinaEntropyGenotypeHand, Foot and Mouth DiseaseHumansPhylogenyCapsid ProteinsCodonamino acid variationcapsid proteinco-evolutionCVA6Shannon entropyspatial conformation

Identifiers

PMID42524876
PMCPMC13418908

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.