Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42524384›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of biological sciences2026

Butyrate enhances tumor immune evasion by increasing PD-L1 abundance.

Xue Sun, Yi Gao, Jiaxi Li, Yan Ma, Hongchen Li, Zhen Wang, Lei Lv, Yanping Xu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of biological sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xue SunTongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Yi GaoTongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Jiaxi LiNourse Centre for Pet Nutrition, Wuhu, China.
Yan MaNourse Centre for Pet Nutrition, Wuhu, China.
Hongchen LiTongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Zhen WangHebei University of Engineering, School of Medicine, Handan, Hebei, China.
Lei LvMOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yanping XuTongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As a short-chain fatty acid and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, butyrate possesses extensive immunomodulatory properties. Here, we uncover a novel mechanism wherein butyrate markedly upregulates the expression of the immune checkpoint PD-L1 across diverse tumor cell types. Mechanistically, epigenetic analyses revealed that butyrate drives PD-L1 transcriptional activation through dual synergistic pathways: increasing histone H3 acetylation (H3Ac) at the

Indexed as

B7-H1 AntigenButyratesTumor EscapeAnimalsCell Line, TumorColorectal NeoplasmsDietary FiberHistonesHumansMiceMice, Inbred C57BLProtein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2B7-H1 AntigenButyratesDietary FiberHistonesProtein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2butyratehigh-fiber dietsPD-L1TGM2

Identifiers

PMID42524384
PMCPMC13412482

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.