ArticleSmart molecules : open access2026
Photoactivated iridium(III) complexes drive pyroptosis-necroptosis synergy for multi-network photoimmunotherapy of renal cell carcinoma.
Article in Smart molecules : open access, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Recurrence and metastasis are the leading causes of mortality in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and its intrinsic drug resistance further limits effective therapeutic options. Synergistic activation of multiple regulated cell death pathways has recently emerged as a novel approach to overcome therapeutic resistance. Here, we developed two mitochondria-targeted iridium(III) photosensitizers, Ir-MT1 and Ir-MT2, for synergistic photoimmunotherapy of RCC. Upon white-light irradiation, Ir-MT1/2 induced severe mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, leading to massive release of mitochondrial contents. Mitochondrial DNA leakage activated the cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes pathway and caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis cascade, whereas excessive Ca
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