ArticleJournal of virology2026
Siglec-1-targeted nanobodies restrict HIV-1 transmission and infection of dendritic cells.
Article in Journal of virology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) remains a global health burden affecting over 39 million people worldwide, with approximately one million new infections occurring each year. Sexual transmission remains the predominant route of HIV-1 acquisition, during which the virus crosses mucosal barriers and interacts with host immune cells to facilitate infection. Dendritic cells (DCs) contribute to systemic viral spread and seeding of reservoirs by efficiently capturing HIV-1, leading to infection and subsequent transmission of the virus to CD4 IMPORTANCE: Sexual transmission is the main route of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection, and novel interventions are needed to prevent this crucial first step. Mucosal dendritic cells play a key role by capturing HIV-1 via attachment receptors, leading to dendritic cell infection and subsequent transmission to T cells, thereby facilitating viral spread and establishment of infection. Here, we show that small, highly specific nanobodies targeting the attachment receptor Siglec-1 strongly interfere with this early stage of HIV-1 transmission. Siglec-1 nanobodies prevented HIV-1 binding to and infection of dendritic cells, thereby blocking transmission to T cells without inducing unwanted immune activation. Together, these findings identify Siglec-1 nanobodies as promising interventions and support the development of host-directed nanobody-based strategies to reduce HIV-1 spread.
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