ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2026
Realizing Precise Molecular Differentiation in Heterogeneous Polyamide Nanofilms Formed via Multi-Stage Interfacial Polymerization.
Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
High-flux nanofiltration membranes capable of precisely separating similar-sized molecules in solvents are essential for sustainable separations. Realizing such molecular-level differentiation requires stringent control over mean pore size, pore uniformity, and the nature of the surface charge of the membrane. However, this remains a bottleneck in conventional thin-film composite membranes due to their structural limitations, as a outcome of the interfacial polymerization at a single liquid-liquid interface. Here, a surfactant-mediated multi-stage interfacial polymerization forming a tri-layer polyamide nanofilm with structural heterogeneity along its thickness in the form of a composite membrane is reported. This tri-layer structure is formed as a mould of the liquid-liquid interface defined by three distinct reaction zones with two sub-interfaces. The multi-stage interfacial polymerization enables precise control over the thickness, degree of crosslinking, and the mean pore size of the nanofilms. The resulting nanofilm composite membranes show high methanol permeance (8.3 Lm
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